Discute decisiones difíciles, valores, responsabilidad y consecuencias. Aprende a comparar opciones, justificar posiciones y reconocer que los dilemas reales rara vez tienen respuestas simples.
⭐ I can discuss difficult choices, ethical questions and possible consequences with reasons and nuance.
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7.1 · Difficult Choices
When there is no perfect answer ⚖️
Sometimes every option has a cost.
A difficult choice often involves competing values.
Which sentence best describes an ethical dilemma?
7.2 · Key Vocabulary
Values behind decisions 🧭
fairness
responsibility
consequence
compromise
Which word means an agreement where each side gives up something?
7.3 · Pronunciation Echo
Reason before reaction 🗣️
7.4 · Judging an Action
Intentions and outcomes 🧠
Which statement is the most nuanced?
Which question focuses on responsibility?
7.5 · Conditionals for Consequences
If we choose this... 🔄
If the school bans all phones, students ___ fewer distractions, but they may also lose useful tools.
Which sentence discusses a hypothetical consequence?
7.6 · Listening Dilemma
One place left 🎧
What is the central dilemma?
Why is the decision difficult?
7.7 · Build the Position
Choice + reason + consequence 🔀
7.8 · Obligation & Choice
Must, should, have to, ought to ⚖️
Which sentence expresses a strong moral recommendation rather than a legal rule?
Which sentence sounds like a formal obligation?
7.9 · Degrees of Responsibility
Not every mistake is equal 🌡️
They should have known better.
They couldn't reasonably have predicted the outcome.
Which sentence reduces responsibility?
7.10 · Pronunciation Shadow
Disagreement without attack 🎙️
7.11 · Mini Dialogue
Should everyone get the same? 🎭
S Do you think everyone should get exactly the same amount of support? M Not necessarily. Equal treatment isn't always the same as fair treatment. S What do you mean? M If two students have very different needs, giving them identical support may not give them an equal opportunity. S So fairness sometimes means treating people differently? M Possibly, as long as the reasons are clear and consistent.
What distinction does Mateo make?
7.12 · Second & Third Conditionals
Imagine choices, rethink the past 🔄
“If I were in that situation, I would tell the truth.” refers to...
“If they had checked the information, they might have avoided the mistake.” refers to...
7.13 · Listening Detail
What should they have done? 👂
What does the speaker think should have happened?
7.14 · Ethical Principles
Different ways to judge a decision 🧭
Does it reduce harm?
Does it respect people's rights?
Is the process fair?
Would the rule work if applied consistently?
Why use several questions instead of only one?
7.15 · Privacy vs Safety
When values conflict 🔐
Which sentence shows a real tension?
What makes this an ethical issue?
7.16 · Real Response
Defend a choice without pretending it's perfect 💬
“Would you support cameras in every classroom?”
7.17 · Speaking Sprint
One dilemma, two sides 🎙️
MISSION
Choose a simple ethical dilemma. Explain two possible choices, the values behind each one, possible consequences and which option you would choose. Acknowledge one weakness in your own position.
7.18 · Mini Listening Story
The group project 🎧
What dilemma does Valentina face?
What does she decide?
7.19 · Rules & Exceptions
Should every rule be absolute? 📏
Which statement is most nuanced?
What is the risk of too many exceptions?
7.20 · Find the Mistake
Error hunt 🚨
“If I would be in that situation, I would tell the truth.”
“They should consulted the students first.”
7.21 · Reading Challenge
Fairness Is Not Always Equality 📖✨
Imagine a school has ten laptops to lend to students for one semester. One option is to hold a lottery so every student has exactly the same chance. Another is to give the laptops to students who do not have reliable access to a computer at home. The lottery is equal in one sense because the procedure treats everyone identically. The second system is unequal in distribution, but it may create a more equal opportunity to complete schoolwork. Which system is fairer? The answer depends partly on what fairness means. If fairness means identical treatment, the lottery may seem preferable. If fairness means responding to different needs, prioritizing students without access may be more reasonable. Neither principle solves every situation. The important lesson is that words such as “fair” and “equal” can hide different values, and those values should be made explicit when decisions affect people.
What two systems are compared?
Why might the lottery be considered equal?
The needs-based system treats everyone identically.
What key distinction does the text make?
What does “made explicit” mean here?
Which conclusion fits best?
7.22 · Pronunciation Focus
Nuance and consequence 🎙️
7.23 · Conversation Memory
Listen, remember, evaluate 🧠
Which combination best matches the conversation?
7.24 · Pair Mission
Dilemma discussion 👥
PAIR CHALLENGE
Discuss a dilemma with your partner. Each person should defend one option, explain the values behind it, identify possible consequences and respond respectfully to one argument from the other side.
7.25 · Listening Boss
Ethics detective 🎧🔥
Which summary is correct?
7.26 · Real English
Natural ways to discuss difficult choices 💬
It's not that simple.
There's a trade-off.
Two goals cannot both be maximized, so choosing more of one may mean less of the other.
7.27 · Reading Challenge 2
Should Good Intentions Excuse Harm? 📖
People often defend a harmful decision by saying, “But they meant well.” Intentions clearly matter. There is an important difference between deliberately causing harm and making a mistake while trying to help. However, intentions cannot be the only factor we consider. If a person could reasonably have predicted a serious consequence, good intentions may not remove responsibility. On the other hand, judging every decision only by its outcome is also problematic because outcomes can depend on luck. A careful ethical judgment may need to consider intention, available information, foreseeable consequences and what the person did after discovering the harm. Did they deny responsibility, or did they try to repair the situation? Ethical responsibility is often a question of degree rather than a simple label of “good” or “bad.”
What is the central argument?
Why is judging only by outcomes problematic?
The text says responsibility is always all-or-nothing.
What should we consider after harm occurs?
Which conclusion best fits?
7.28 · Build a Better Argument
Position + trade-off + condition 🧩
7.29 · Final Speaking Mission
What Would You Choose? 🎙️⚖️
FINAL SPEAKING
Talk for 60–90 seconds about an ethical dilemma. Explain at least two possible choices, the values behind them, likely consequences, your preferred option and one limitation or trade-off in your own position. Use conditional language and respectful disagreement.
7.30 · Final Challenge
Choose the strongest ethical response 🏆
Which answer shows the strongest reasoning?
🏆⚖️🇨🇴
UNIT 7 COMPLETE!
You can discuss difficult choices, ethical questions and possible consequences with reasons and nuance.
